Advances in nanocarrier-mediated delivery of chrysin: Enhancing solubility, bioavailability, and anticancer efficacy

Chrysin, a natural phytochemical compound found in various plant sources, possesses diverse pharmacological benefits, including anticancer, antioxidant, antidiabetic, neuroprotective, cardioprotective, hepatoprotective, immunoregulatory, and anti-inflammatory properties. Despite its well-documented biological activities, chrysin's low water solubility and bioavailability hinder its clinical development. This review explores the application of nanocarriers as a strategic approach to overcome these challenges and enhance the delivery of chrysin. Nanocarriers, including polymer-based nanoparticles (NPs), lipid-based NPs, and inorganic nanocarriers, have shown promise in improving the solubility, bioavailability, and tumor-targeted delivery of chrysin. The paper discusses chrysin's anticancer effects on different types of human cancers, elucidating its impact on crucial signaling pathways involved in tumorigenesis. The review categorizes and analyzes various nanocarriers, providing insights into their structural properties and drug release profiles. Among the nanocarriers, polymer-based NPs, especially those utilizing PLGA, emerge as promising strategies for chrysin encapsulation, demonstrating improvements in drug release, stability, and bioavailability. Lipid-based NPs and inorganic nanocarriers also exhibit potential in enhancing chrysin delivery. The comprehensive insights provided contribute to a deeper understanding of chrysin's pharmacological properties and its potential clinical applications, offering valuable perspectives for future research and translation into clinical settings. The review underscores the importance of selecting suitable structures for chrysin encapsulation to enhance its physicochemical properties and anticancer effects, paving the way for innovative nanomedicine approaches in cancer therapy.