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Related Concept Videos

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System III: X-Ray01:20

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System III: X-Ray

116
The most common cardiovascular diagnostic test is an X-ray. It produces images of the heart, blood vessels, and adjacent structures.
Definition and Purpose
An X-ray, or radiograph, is a non-invasive method that uses ionizing radiation to take images of internal structures. It is mainly used in cardiac imaging to examine the heart, lungs, and major blood vessels, aiming to identify abnormalities in the heart's size, shape, and position, such as heart failure, congenital defects, and vascular...
116

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Updated: May 16, 2025

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AI-Quantitative CT Coronary Plaque Features Associate With a Higher Relative Risk in Women: CONFIRM2 Registry.

Gudrun M Feuchtner1, Pietro G Lacaita1, Jeroen J Bax2

  • 1Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria (G.M.F., P.G.L.).

Circulation. Cardiovascular Imaging
|March 31, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Artificial intelligence-based quantitative coronary computed tomography (AI-QCT) plaque features show higher major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) risk in women than men. These findings suggest tailored preventive strategies for women with coronary atherosclerosis.

Keywords:
artificial intelligenceatherosclerosiscomputed tomographycomputed tomography angiographycoronary artery diseasewomen’s health

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Imaging
  • Artificial Intelligence in Medicine
  • Cardiology
  • Biomarkers

Background:

  • Coronary plaque characteristics are established cardiovascular risk biomarkers.
  • Limited understanding exists regarding sex-specific differences in the prognostic value of these plaque features.
  • Artificial intelligence-based quantitative coronary computed tomography (AI-QCT) offers advanced plaque analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate sex-specific differences in coronary atherosclerotic phenotypes identified by AI-QCT.
  • To determine the association between AI-QCT-derived plaque features and the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) stratified by sex.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of a global multicenter registry (CONFIRM2) including symptomatic patients with suspected coronary artery disease (CAD) undergoing coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA).
  • AI-QCT was utilized to quantify 16 coronary atherosclerotic plaque features.
  • The primary endpoint was MACE, encompassing death, myocardial infarction, late revascularization, cerebrovascular events, unstable angina, and congestive heart failure, with an average follow-up of 4.8 years.

Main Results:

  • Among 3551 patients (49.5% women), MACE occurred in 3.2% of women versus 6.1% of men.
  • AI-QCT identified significantly higher total plaque volume (TPV), noncalcified plaque (NCP), calcified plaque (CP), and percentage atheroma volume (PAV) in men.
  • Independent of traditional risk factors, TPV, NCP, CP, and PAV demonstrated a significantly higher relative risk of MACE in women compared to men, with notable p-interaction values for TPV, NCP, and CP.

Conclusions:

  • AI-QCT plaque features, including TPV, NCP, CP, and PAV, are associated with a disproportionately higher relative risk of MACE in women.
  • These sex-specific prognostic insights from AI-QCT may inform more aggressive anti-atherosclerotic therapy and targeted preventive interventions for women.
  • Further research into sex-based differences in atherosclerosis progression and risk prediction using advanced imaging biomarkers is warranted.