Fetal Neck Mass Caused by Dyshormonogenic Goiter

Area of Science:

• Pediatric Surgery
• Neonatology
• Endocrinology

Background:

• Congenital neck masses are diverse birth anomalies, ranging from benign to life-threatening.
• Congenital goiter is a rare but significant condition impacting neonatal thyroid function and development.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide a comprehensive overview of congenital neck masses, focusing on congenital goiter.
• To detail pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management strategies.

Main Methods:

• Prenatal ultrasound for initial identification.
• Fetal magnetic resonance imaging for detailed anatomical evaluation.
• Multidisciplinary planning for potential airway obstruction, including ex-utero intrapartum treatment.

Main Results:

• Congenital neck masses are often detected prenatally.
• Fetal MRI is crucial for assessing mass impact on adjacent structures.
• Delivery planning is vital for cases with airway compromise risk.

Conclusions:

• Management of congenital goiter aims to restore euthyroidism and address airway issues.
• Treatment involves addressing etiology, hormone replacement, or surgical intervention.
• Multidisciplinary care is essential for optimal neonatal outcomes.