Fetal Neck Mass Caused by Dyshormonogenic Goiter

Congenital neck masses are a diverse group of anomalies present at birth and encompass a wide range of pathologies-from benign developmental defects to potentially life-threatening conditions. Among these, congenital goiter (a rare yet significant entity) stands out due to its implications for neonatal thyroid function and overall development. This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of congenital neck masses, with a particular focus on congenital goiter, its pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic evaluation, and management strategies. Congenital neck masses are frequently identified during prenatal ultrasounds, with fetal magnetic resonance imaging serving as a critical tool for evaluating their size, location, and impact on surrounding anatomy. In cases of potential airway obstruction, multidisciplinary delivery planning, including the possibility of an ex-utero intrapartum treatment procedure, is essential. Management of congenital goiter centers on correcting the underlying etiology, achieving euthyroidism through hormone replacement or maternal medication adjustment, and, in rare cases, surgical intervention to address airway compromise. [.