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Constructing Robust Electrode/Electrolyte Interphases for Highly Stable Lithium-Sulfurized Polyacrylonitrile

Siyuan Shao1, Jinze Hou1, Youxuan Ni1

  • 1Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
|March 31, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a novel electrolyte for lithium-sulfurized polyacrylonitrile (SPAN) batteries. This innovation enhances cycling stability and energy density, addressing key limitations for advanced energy storage solutions.

Keywords:
Electrode/electrolyte interphaseLithium batteriesLithium metal anodeOrganic cathode materialsSulfurized polyacrylonitrile

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Lithium-sulfurized polyacrylonitrile (SPAN) batteries offer significant potential for energy storage.
  • Poor cycling stability, caused by unstable electrode/electrolyte interphases, hinders their practical application.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design an electrolyte that simultaneously constructs robust anode/electrolyte and cathode/electrolyte interphases for high-performance Li-SPAN batteries.
  • To improve the cycling stability and energy density of Li-SPAN batteries.

Main Methods:

  • Designing an anion-moderate solvation structure in the electrolyte by regulating solvent-Li+ and solvent-diluent interactions.
  • Utilizing interconnected clusters within the electrolyte to stabilize interphases.
  • Testing Li plating/stripping efficiency in Li||Cu cells and cycling stability in Li-SPAN batteries.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a high Coulombic efficiency of 99.47% for Li plating/stripping at 1 mA cm⁻².
  • Demonstrated excellent cycling stability in Li-SPAN batteries with 94.21% capacity retention after 1215 cycles.
  • Assembled a pouch-type Li-SPAN battery with high energy density (180 Wh kg⁻¹) under limited electrolyte conditions.

Conclusions:

  • The developed electrolyte effectively constructs robust interphases for both anode and cathode.
  • This electrolyte design principle significantly enhances the performance and stability of Li-SPAN batteries.
  • The findings pave the way for practical, high-performance lithium-sulfur battery technologies.