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Accelerometer-derived physical activity patterns and incident type 2 diabetes: a prospective cohort study.

Dan-Qing Liao1, Hao-Jie Chen1, Hong-Min Li1

  • 1Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, No.1023-1063, South Shatai Road, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.

The International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity
|April 1, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Engaging in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) for one to two days weekly, known as the weekend warrior pattern, significantly reduces type 2 diabetes risk. This pattern offers comparable protection to regular activity, highlighting the importance of accumulating sufficient MVPA.

Keywords:
AccelerometerPhysical activity patternProspective studyType 2 diabetesWeekend warrior

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Area of Science:

  • Exercise physiology and metabolic disease research.
  • Public health and preventative medicine strategies.
  • Epidemiology of chronic disease and lifestyle factors.

Background:

  • Growing evidence links physical activity duration to type 2 diabetes (T2D) incidence.
  • The impact of the
  • weekend warrior
  • (WW) pattern on T2D risk is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between different physical activity patterns, including the WW pattern, and T2D risk.
  • To utilize objective, device-measured physical activity data for precise pattern classification.
  • To compare the T2D risk reduction associated with the WW pattern versus regular physical activity.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective cohort study design with device-measured physical activity data.
  • Classification of participants into inactive, active WW (≥150 min MVPA with ≥50% in 1-2 days), and active regular patterns.
  • Analysis of T2D incidence using Cox proportional hazards models, adjusted for confounders.

Main Results:

  • Over 7.9 years, 1972 participants developed T2D.
  • Both active WW and active regular patterns showed significant reductions in T2D risk (HRs 0.64 and 0.56, respectively).
  • Increased duration of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) progressively lowered T2D risk in both active groups.

Conclusions:

  • Concentrating physical activity into one to two days per week (WW pattern) provides similar protection against T2D as more evenly distributed activity.
  • Exceeding current physical activity guidelines may offer enhanced benefits for T2D prevention.
  • The WW pattern is a viable strategy for reducing T2D incidence.