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Updated: May 16, 2025

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Instruments for Measuring Healthcare Professionals' Medication Safety Competence: A Scoping Review.

Christoph Stephan1, Doris Kloor1, Viktoria Sophie Wurmbach2

  • 1Department of Nursing Science, Institute of Health Sciences, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany.

Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare
|April 1, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Healthcare professionals need to measure medication safety competence (MSC) to prevent errors in elderly patients on polypharmacy. A review found six instruments, all for nurses, with the Medication Safety Competence Scale (MSCS) being suitable for clinical and educational use.

Keywords:
competence assessmentnursespatient safetypharmacistsphysicians

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Area of Science:

  • Healthcare
  • Nursing Education
  • Patient Safety

Background:

  • Polypharmacy in elderly patients with chronic diseases increases medication error risk.
  • High medication safety competence (MSC) among healthcare professionals is crucial for safe medication processes.
  • Existing instruments to measure MSC are needed to identify improvement areas.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a scoping review to identify and summarize existing instruments for measuring healthcare professionals' medication safety competence (MSC).
  • To determine the applicability and psychometric properties of identified instruments in various settings.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive scoping review was performed following JBI methodology and PRISMA-ScR guidelines.
  • A systematic search of six databases in January 2024 yielded 3740 results.
  • Full-text screening of 28 articles led to the inclusion and analysis of 15 articles.

Main Results:

  • Six instruments measuring MSC were identified, all designed exclusively for nurses or nursing students.
  • No instruments were found for assessing physicians' or pharmacists' MSC.
  • Five instruments were utilized in clinical settings, and three in educational settings.
  • The Medication Safety Competence Scale (MSCS) and Medication Safety Scale demonstrated multidimensionality.
  • The MSCS exhibited acceptable psychometric properties.

Conclusions:

  • The MSCS is a suitable instrument for assessing nurses' MSC in both clinical and educational environments.
  • There is a gap in available instruments for evaluating MSC in other healthcare professionals like physicians and pharmacists.
  • Further development of MSC assessment tools for a broader range of healthcare professionals is warranted.