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Updated: May 16, 2025

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Adsorbate-driven dynamic active sites in stannosilicate zeolites.

Xianfeng Yi1,2, Yao Xiao1,2, Changjiu Xia3

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China.

Fundamental Research
|April 1, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study reveals that active sites in stannosilicate zeolites dynamically change structure during reactions, forming new acid sites. This challenges the idea of rigid catalytic centers and offers new insights into zeolite catalysis.

Keywords:
Dynamic active sitesPseudo-Brønsted acidReaction conditionsSolid-state NMRStannosilicate zeolites

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Area of Science:

  • Heterogeneous catalysis
  • Materials science
  • Solid-state chemistry

Background:

  • Understanding active sites is crucial for catalyst performance.
  • Stannosilicate zeolites show promise for biomass conversion.
  • The dynamic behavior of active sites in these zeolites is poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the local structures and dynamic transformations of active sites in stannosilicate zeolites.
  • To challenge the assumption of rigid active site structures during catalysis.
  • To provide fundamental insights into the reaction mechanisms of zeolite catalysts with heterometal atoms.

Main Methods:

  • Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy was employed.
  • Molecular adsorption was used to simulate reaction conditions.
  • The study focused on stannosilicate zeolites.

Main Results:

  • Framework Sn-O-Si sites transform into Sn-OH/Si-OH pairs upon molecular adsorption.
  • This transformation creates a pseudo-Brønsted acid site.
  • The dynamic structural changes of active sites were observed for the first time.

Conclusions:

  • Active sites in stannosilicate zeolites are not rigid but undergo dynamic transformations.
  • These findings challenge existing assumptions about catalyst stability.
  • The study offers new perspectives on the mechanisms of zeolite catalysts containing heterometal atoms like Sn, Ti, and Zr.