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Related Experiment Video

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A Test Bed to Examine Helmet Fit and Retention and Biomechanical Measures of Head and Neck Injury in Simulated Impact

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Penetrating neck trauma: a comprehensive review.

Lindsey Loss¹, Reynold Henry^1,2, Anna White²

¹Division of Trauma, Critical Care & Acute Care Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.

Trauma Surgery & Acute Care Open

|April 1, 2025

Summary

Penetrating neck trauma management is shifting from traditional zones to selective approaches. Modern diagnostics and imaging improve decision-making, reducing unnecessary surgeries for neck injuries.

Keywords:

Neck Neck Injuries Wounds, Penetrating

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Area of Science:

Trauma Surgery
Emergency Medicine
Surgical Diagnostics

Background:

Penetrating neck trauma, though rare, causes severe injuries.
Traditional zonal management is being replaced by selective approaches.
Mandatory exploration leads to non-therapeutic interventions and complications.

Purpose of the Study:

To discuss modern diagnostic and operative strategies for penetrating neck trauma.
To evaluate the appropriateness of observation in managing these injuries.
To highlight the shift away from older zonal approaches.

Main Methods:

Review of current diagnostic modalities, including imaging.
Analysis of decision-making based on hard and soft signs of trauma.
Discussion of operative interventions and observation protocols.

Main Results:

Selective approaches are favored over mandatory exploration.
Imaging resolution has improved diagnostic accuracy.
External wound trajectory is unreliable for missile path assessment.

Conclusions:

Modern diagnostic tools and clinical signs are supplanting zonal approaches.
Selective management and observation are increasingly appropriate.
Improved imaging and clinical assessment enhance patient outcomes in neck trauma.