Treatment of Peripheral Nerves With Pulsed Radiofrequency: A Retrospective Analysis

Pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) has evolved as a promising neuromodulative technique in chronic pain. Although it was initially used to treat spinal ganglia, it seems that it might also positively affect peripheral nerves. However, clinical evidence of its effect on peripheral nerves remains scarce.

In this retrospective study, we included patients with therapy-refractory chronic pain who received PRF treatment of peripheral nerves during an 11-month period in the pain center of a tertiary hospital in Zurich, Switzerland. A total of 17 treatments were analyzed. Pain scores, Global Impression of Change (GIC) scores, reduction of medication, and time to next infiltration up to three months after PRF were documented. Nine different peripheral nerves were treated.

Pain scores were statistically lower at two weeks, one month, and three months after therapy. Overall, eight (47%) and five (29%) patients reported at least a 50% decrease in pain at one and three months, respectively. Of all patients, 12 (71%) reported an improvement in GIC at one and three months, while 10 (67%) could reduce or cease pain medications. PRF resulted in 14 (82%) patients not requiring a new infiltration for at least three months. However, in the presence of a psychiatric diagnosis, results were poorer.

Using PRF on peripheral nerves provided promising clinical results in terms of pain and impact of change in therapy-refractory cases. PRF might be a useful tool in pain medicine when the effects of nerve blocks are not sustainable. Further research is warranted.