Nutrigenomic Potential of Mineral Nano-Particles to Modulate Poultry Health and Performance

Nanotechnology has revolutionized nutritional strategies in poultry production, offering innovative solutions to enhance health and performance. Minerals such as chromium (Cr), zinc (Zn), calcium (Ca), copper (Cu), selenium (Se), and iron (Fe) have been extensively studied for their effects on poultry growth, health, and feed efficiency. Among these, mineral nanoparticles (MNPs) have emerged as promising tools for optimizing nutrient bioavailability and offering promising nutrigenomic effects. Nanotechnology synergizes with nutrigenomics by delivering nutrients and bioactive compounds in nano-form with enhanced absorption and bioavailability. This review explores the nutrigenomic potential of MNPs in poultry, focusing on how these nanoscale particles can modulate gene expression, metabolic pathways, and cellular functions to optimize health outcomes. The bioactive properties of MNPs fasciliate targeted modulation of gene expression related to growth, immune function, stress response, and metabolic efficiency, leading to improved performance of birds. Additionally, MNPs have shown significant potential to enhance mineral absorption, antioxidant defense, gut health, and thermal tolerance, which are crucial to enhance productive performance of poultry. Integrating nanotechnology with nutrigenomics, MNPs offer a sustainable approach to addressing key challenges in poultry nutrition, such as nutrient deficiencies, heat stress, and disease susceptibility. This review highlights the potential of MNPs to interact with the poultry genome, influencing epigenetic mechanisms and improving overall health and productivity. Additionally, current study highlights the importance of exploring the intersection of nanotechnology, nutrition, and genomics to devise innovative strategies for optimizing poultry health and performance.