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Live versus delayed supervision: A randomized controlled trial with psychology students
Ulrike Maaß1, Klara Eisert1, Jasmin Ghalib1
1Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Potsdam.
Psychotherapy (Chicago, Ill.)
|April 1, 2025
Summary
Supervision enhances psychology students' therapeutic skills and alliance. Both live supervision (LS) and delayed supervision (DS) show comparable effectiveness, with students perceiving DS as more impactful.
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Clinical Psychology
- Supervision Studies
Background:
- Therapeutic supervision is crucial for developing clinical skills.
- The timing of supervisory feedback (immediate vs. delayed) may influence its effectiveness.
- Understanding the impact of different supervision formats is essential for training psychologists.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine if supervision improves therapeutic skills and alliance.
- To compare the effectiveness of immediate (live) versus delayed supervisory feedback.
- To assess the impact of supervision on student self-efficacy and other related variables.
Main Methods:
- Eighty psychology students were randomly assigned to live supervision (LS) or delayed supervision (DS).
- Participants conducted simulated therapy sessions with standardized patients.
- Outcomes including skills, self-efficacy, and alliances were assessed from multiple perspectives.
Main Results:
- Supervision significantly improved students' skills, self-efficacy, and therapeutic alliance.
- Live supervision (LS) was not significantly superior to delayed supervision (DS) across all measured outcomes.
- Students perceived delayed supervision (DS) as more effective, though supervisory relationship quality was similar.
Conclusions:
- Supervision positively impacts core clinical competencies and the therapeutic alliance.
- Both live and delayed supervision formats are effective and viewed positively by students.
- Further research is needed to elucidate the specific mechanisms driving the benefits of different supervision timings.
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