Rupture of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm due to Listeria Monocytogenes infection

Infective native aortic aneurysms (INAA) caused by Listeria monocytogenes are rare, with most cases involving Streptococcus sp. We report a case of a woman in her mid-60s who presented with a contained rupture of an infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) due to Listeria The woman presented with intermittent abdominal and lower back pain, malaise, nausea, elevated inflammatory markers and ketoacidosis. CT angiography revealed a 40 mm AAA with inflammation and rupture. Intravenous ampicillin and gentamicin were initiated, and emergency open aortic repair was performed. Cultures confirmed Listeria infection. Postoperative neurological symptoms resolved, and the patient improved with continued antibiotics. One month postoperatively, she was asymptomatic with normalised inflammatory markers. This case underscores the rarity of Listeria-induced aneurysms and highlights the need for international registries to guide the management of INAA and further research on optimal surgical management.