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Phenotypic Variation in Disease Severity Among Hospitalized Pediatric Patients With COVID-19: Assessing the Impact of

María Camila Sossa-Alarcón1, Mónica Paola Gutiérrez1, Natalia Becerra1

  • 1Pediatrics Department, Universidad de los Andes and Fundación Santa fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia.

International Journal of Public Health
|April 2, 2025
PubMed

Insights

This study identified five distinct clinical phenotypes of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in hospitalized children. Understanding these SARS-CoV-2 phenotypes can improve risk assessment and treatment strategies for pediatric patients.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Virology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Hospitalized children with SARS-CoV-2 infection exhibit diverse clinical presentations.
  • Accurate characterization of these presentations is crucial for effective management.
  • The EPICO multicenter cohort study aimed to address this knowledge gap.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the clinical phenotypes of SARS-CoV-2 infection in hospitalized children.
  • To identify distinct patient clusters based on clinical features and outcomes.
  • To inform risk stratification and management strategies for pediatric COVID-19.

Main Methods:

  • A multicenter cohort study including hospitalized children with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection from Colombia and Spain.
  • Cluster analysis was employed to identify distinct clinical phenotypes.
  • Data on disease evolution and outcomes were assessed.

Main Results:

  • Five distinct clinical phenotype clusters were identified among 2318 pediatric patients.
  • Clusters varied in terms of age, comorbidities, symptom profiles, microorganism co-detection, Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) admissions, and mortality rates.
  • Findings demonstrated consistency across participating countries.

Conclusions:

  • The identification of distinct SARS-CoV-2 clinical phenotypes in children is essential.
  • This phenotyping approach can significantly improve risk stratification for pediatric COVID-19.
  • Guiding future management strategies for hospitalized children with SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Abstract

Keywords:
COVID-19SARS-CoV-2 variantscluster analysisinpatientspediatrics

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