Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 16, 2025

Mixed Reality Assisted Radical Endoscopic Thyroidectomy
08:06

Mixed Reality Assisted Radical Endoscopic Thyroidectomy

Published on: January 31, 2025

175

Pediatric Graves' Disease: Challenges Associated With Thyroidectomy and Perioperative Management in a Three-Year-Old

Emad Ramadan1, Saad Nadeem2, Muhammad Zain3

  • 1Anesthesiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, USA.

Cureus
|April 2, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Graves' disease in children presents unique diagnostic and surgical challenges. This case report details the successful management of a young child with Graves' disease requiring thyroidectomy.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Pediatric Surgery
  • Ophthalmology

Background:

  • Graves' disease is an autoimmune disorder causing hyperthyroidism, rare in pediatric populations.
  • Pediatric Graves' disease presents diagnostic and surgical complexities, including airway and ophthalmologic issues.
  • Surgical intervention, such as total thyroidectomy, may be necessary for severe pediatric cases.

Observation:

  • A three-year-old female presented with tachycardia, hypertension, and severe bilateral proptosis indicative of Graves' disease.
  • Airway management was complicated by tracheal deviation and potential tracheomalacia.
  • The patient underwent total thyroidectomy for management of hyperthyroidism and associated symptoms.

Findings:

  • Perioperative management included endocrine stabilization, ocular protection, and vigilant monitoring for thyroid storm and hematoma.
  • Successful surgical outcome achieved through a multidisciplinary approach.
  • This case underscores the need for specialized care in pediatric thyroid surgery.

Implications:

  • Highlights the importance of a tailored, multidisciplinary strategy for pediatric thyroidectomy.
  • Informs clinical practice regarding the management of rare pediatric endocrine and surgical conditions.
  • Emphasizes the need for careful preoperative assessment and perioperative monitoring in children with Graves' disease.

Keywords:
airway managementendocrine stabilizationexophthalmosgraves' diseaseneck hematomapediatric hyperthyroidismperioperative carethyroidectomy

More Related Videos

Gasless Endoscopic Thyroidectomy via the Trans-Axillary Approach05:10

Gasless Endoscopic Thyroidectomy via the Trans-Axillary Approach

Published on: September 15, 2023

835
Transoral Endoscopic Thyroidectomy Vestibular Approach for Thyroid Lobectomy05:12

Transoral Endoscopic Thyroidectomy Vestibular Approach for Thyroid Lobectomy

Published on: May 12, 2023

3.5K

Related Concept Videos

Tonsillitis II: Management01:26

Tonsillitis II: Management

This lesson will focus on the different treatment options for managing tonsillitis, which typically depend on the cause and severity.
97
Functions of Thyroid Hormones01:18

Functions of Thyroid Hormones

The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a pivotal role in the intricate orchestration of physiological processes, exerting profound effects on development, metabolism, and homeostasis throughout different life stages.
TH is indispensable for the normal development and maturation of the skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems during fetal and childhood growth. It facilitates bone mineral turnover and regulates protein synthesis in developing tissues, contributing significantly to overall growth and...
2.4K
The Thyroid Gland01:23

The Thyroid Gland

The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
The follicles have a central cavity lined by simple cuboidal to squamous epithelial cells called follicular cells. These cells produce the glycoprotein...
3.4K
Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones01:20

Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones

Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The...
4.0K
Appendicitis-II: Diagnostic Studies and Management01:29

Appendicitis-II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

Diagnosing and managing appendicitis requires a structured and comprehensive approach that spans from initial assessment to postoperative care. Here is an overview of the process:
Diagnosing Appendicitis
It requires a multifaceted approach, starting with a detailed physical examination to pinpoint the location and nature of the pain and identify any associated symptoms. Laboratory tests play a crucial role. A complete Blood Count (CBC) typically reveals leukocytosis (an increased number of...
53
Adrenal Gland Disorders01:27

Adrenal Gland Disorders

Adrenal gland disorders manifest when the production of adrenal hormones deviates from the norm, resulting in either excessive or insufficient concentrations.
Adrenal insufficiency, characterized by insufficient cortisol and aldosterone production, leads to conditions like Addison's disease. This disorder, affecting the adrenal cortex, exhibits symptoms such as skin bronzing, dehydration, low blood pressure, fatigue, and weight loss. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia, a genetic ailment causing...
1.3K