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Stepwise single-cell data identifies RNA binding proteins associated with the development of head and neck cancer and

Bin Yang1, Wei Sun2, Ping Peng2

  • 1Department of Thoracic Oncology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.

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RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are key in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC) progression. This study reveals their distinct roles across HNSC stages, identifying potential prognostic markers and therapeutic targets for personalized treatment.

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HNSCRNA-binding proteinscancer progressionscRNA-seqtumor microenvironment

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a major global cancer with high mortality.
  • RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are vital for gene expression and cancer development.
  • Limited understanding exists on RBPs in HNSCC at the single-cell level.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the role of RBPs in HNSCC stepwise progression using single-cell analysis.
  • Characterize RBP expression patterns, prognostic value, and pathway involvement.
  • Identify potential therapeutic targets and biomarkers for HNSCC.

Main Methods:

  • Analyzed single-cell RNA sequencing data from HNSCC samples across four stages (normal, leukoplakia, primary, metastatic).
  • Examined expression of 2141 RBPs, identified RBP-based cell clusters, and assessed associations with disease stage and progression.
  • Developed a prognostic risk model using outcome-relevant RBPs.

Main Results:

  • RBPs showed cell type-specific expression patterns varying with HNSCC stage.
  • RBP clusters correlated significantly with cancer progression.
  • A prognostic model identified RBPs like CELF2 (downregulated in advanced stages) and fibroblast RBPs (CFL1, PFN1) linked to better prognosis.
  • Heterogeneity in RBP regulation of MIF signaling was observed in precancerous stages.

Conclusions:

  • RBPs play critical roles in HNSCC progression.
  • RBPs represent potential therapeutic targets and prognostic markers.
  • Findings offer insights for developing personalized HNSCC treatment strategies.