Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Predicting Molecular Geometry02:27

Predicting Molecular Geometry

34.0K
VSEPR Theory for Determination of Electron Pair Geometries
34.0K
Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes02:46

Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes

40.9K
Tetrahedral Complexes
Crystal field theory (CFT) is applicable to molecules in geometries other than octahedral. In octahedral complexes, the lobes of the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals point directly at the ligands. For tetrahedral complexes, the d orbitals remain in place, but with only four ligands located between the axes. None of the orbitals points directly at the tetrahedral ligands. However, the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals (along the Cartesian axes) overlap with the ligands less than...
40.9K
Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

8.4K
Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
8.4K
VSEPR Theory and the Effect of Lone Pairs04:01

VSEPR Theory and the Effect of Lone Pairs

41.5K
Effect of Lone Pairs of Electrons on Molecule Geometry
41.5K
Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals II03:35

Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals II

31.2K
sp3d and sp3d 2 Hybridization
31.2K
Lattice Centering and Coordination Number02:33

Lattice Centering and Coordination Number

9.4K
The structure of a crystalline solid, whether a metal or not, is best described by considering its simplest repeating unit, which is referred to as its unit cell. The unit cell consists of lattice points that represent the locations of atoms or ions. The entire structure then consists of this unit cell repeating in three dimensions. The three different types of unit cells present in the cubic lattice are illustrated in Figure 1.
Types of Unit Cells
Imagine taking a large number of identical...
9.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Triple Pancake Bonding in Neutral π-Conjugated Dimers: a Computational Study.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same author

Planar tetracoordinate carbon with triple CC bonding in C<sub>2</sub>Li<sub>3</sub>H and C<sub>2</sub>Li<sub>4</sub>H<sub>2</sub> clusters.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2026
Same author

Ionic modulation of the charge transfer transitions in host-guest complexes of carbon nanorings and fullerenes.

The Journal of chemical physics·2026
Same author

A C≡C Triple Bond as a Structural Anchor of Planar Pentacoordinate Carbon.

The journal of physical chemistry. A·2026
Same author

Manifestations of Boron-Alkali Metal and Boron-Alkaline-Earth Metal Romances.

Accounts of chemical research·2026
Same author

Sb(η<sup>6</sup>-Be<sub>6</sub>H<sub>6</sub>)Sb and Bi(η<sup>6</sup>-Be<sub>6</sub>H<sub>6</sub>)Bi: Double Aromatic Inverse-Sandwich Complexes.

The journal of physical chemistry. A·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 16, 2025

1,3,5-Triphenylbenzene and Corannulene as Electron Receptors for Lithium Solvated Electron Solutions
06:56

1,3,5-Triphenylbenzene and Corannulene as Electron Receptors for Lithium Solvated Electron Solutions

Published on: October 10, 2016

7.7K

Planar tetracoordinate lithium in LiLi4F4+ cluster.

Lin-Hong Miao1, Yi-Fan Yang1, Hui-Yu Zhang1

  • 1Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, China.

The Journal of Chemical Physics
|April 2, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Researchers explored stable planar tetracoordinate lithium (ptLi) compounds. They discovered a novel, stable ptLi structure, Li©Li4F4+, stabilized by strong electrostatic and covalent interactions.

More Related Videos

The Synthesis of [Sn10SiSiMe334]2- Using a Metastable SnI Halide Solution Synthesized via a Co-condensation Technique
12:43

The Synthesis of [Sn10SiSiMe334]2- Using a Metastable SnI Halide Solution Synthesized via a Co-condensation Technique

Published on: November 28, 2016

8.5K
A Protocol for Safe Lithiation Reactions Using Organolithium Reagents
09:45

A Protocol for Safe Lithiation Reactions Using Organolithium Reagents

Published on: November 12, 2016

30.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 16, 2025

1,3,5-Triphenylbenzene and Corannulene as Electron Receptors for Lithium Solvated Electron Solutions
06:56

1,3,5-Triphenylbenzene and Corannulene as Electron Receptors for Lithium Solvated Electron Solutions

Published on: October 10, 2016

7.7K
The Synthesis of [Sn10SiSiMe334]2- Using a Metastable SnI Halide Solution Synthesized via a Co-condensation Technique
12:43

The Synthesis of [Sn10SiSiMe334]2- Using a Metastable SnI Halide Solution Synthesized via a Co-condensation Technique

Published on: November 28, 2016

8.5K
A Protocol for Safe Lithiation Reactions Using Organolithium Reagents
09:45

A Protocol for Safe Lithiation Reactions Using Organolithium Reagents

Published on: November 12, 2016

30.8K

Area of Science:

  • Inorganic Chemistry
  • Theoretical Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Planar tetracoordinate carbons challenged classical bonding models.
  • The planar framework has been extended to other first-row elements, but stable planar tetracoordinate lithium (ptLi) compounds were missing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the possibility of stable planar tetracoordinate alkali metals, specifically focusing on lithium.
  • To identify and characterize novel ptLi structures.

Main Methods:

  • Extensive structural searches on potential energy surfaces of A5Ha4+ (A = alkali metals, Ha = halogens).
  • Computational analysis of electronic structures and bonding interactions.

Main Results:

  • Identified grid-like, square-planar A-centered ptA structures (A©A4Ha4+) in closed-shell states for A5Ha4+ species, though most were transition states.
  • Discovered a rare, stable ptLi species: Li©Li4F4+.

Conclusions:

  • The stable ptLi structure, Li©Li4F4+, is stabilized by strong charge transfer from Li to F atoms, forming a Li+©[Li+]4[F-]4 complex with significant electrostatic interactions.
  • Donor-acceptor covalent interactions (Li4F4 → ptLi) further contribute to the electronic stabilization and overall stability of this unique ptLi structure.