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Strategies for Implementing Palliative Care Services for Cancer Patients in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A
Neema Florence Vincent Mosha1, Patrick Ngulube1
1University of South Africa (UNISA), Pretoria, South Africa.
Summary
Palliative care (PC) is crucial for cancer patients in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This review identifies strategies like patient navigators and telemedicine, alongside challenges such as caregiver education and patient acceptance, to improve PC access.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Public Health
- Palliative Care Research
Background:
- Palliative care (PC) is vital for cancer patients, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) facing high cancer mortality.
- Access to effective PC services remains a significant challenge in many LMIC settings.
- This systematic review addresses the need to identify implementation strategies and challenges for PC in LMICs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify effective strategies for implementing palliative care (PC) services for cancer patients in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).
- To delineate the challenges encountered in delivering PC services within these specific regions.
- To provide a framework for improving PC initiatives and enhancing patient quality of life in LMICs.
Main Methods:
- A systematic review of peer-reviewed articles published between January 2004 and July 2024.
- Searches conducted across Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar.
- Study quality assessed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP) tool, adhering to PRISMA guidelines.
Main Results:
- Effective strategies include patient navigator-led programs, telemedicine, and home health care.
- Interventions such as massage, Cancer and Living Meaningfully (CALM), and light therapies were noted.
- Key challenges identified: caregiver education levels, patient acceptance, logistics, medication side effects, and preference for traditional healing.
Conclusions:
- There is a critical need to enhance palliative care (PC) services for cancer patients in LMICs due to high mortality rates.
- Training caregivers and educating patients on PC benefits are crucial for successful implementation.
- This review offers a framework to improve PC services, ultimately enhancing the quality of life for cancer patients in LMICs.
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