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Related Concept Videos

Introduction to Fibroblasts01:09

Introduction to Fibroblasts

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Rudolph Virchow discovered spindle-shaped cells called fibroblasts in 1858. Inactive fibroblasts, called fibrocytes, become activated by various stimuli, such as growth factors and inflammatory cytokines. Activated fibroblasts play a crucial role in wound healing, inflammation, formation of new blood vessels, and cancer progression. Uncontrolled activation of fibroblasts results in fibrosis, the excess deposition of fibrous tissue, which can lead to scarring and affect normal organs. This...
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Connective Tissue Cell Types01:22

Connective Tissue Cell Types

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Connective tissue develops from the mesoderm of a developing embryo and consists of cells, fibers, and ground substance: a gel-like material containing large complexes of carbohydrates and proteins. Connective tissue was first identified as a separate tissue family in the 18th century, and Johannes Peter Muller coined the term connective tissue.
Fat cells (adipocytes), smooth muscle cells (myoblasts), and bone cells (osteoblasts) are some connective tissue cell types. Some immune system cells...
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Fibril-associated Collagen01:11

Fibril-associated Collagen

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Fibril-associated collagens are a type of collagens present in the extracellular matrix with interrupted triple helices or FACIT (Fibril-associated collagens interrupted triple-helices). FACIT help connect and attach the collagen fibrils with each other as well as with other proteins of the extracellular matrix.
For example, the type II collagen fibrils in cartilage have covalently bound type IX fibril-associated collagens at regular intervals. Other types of fibril-associated collagens are...
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Fibronectins Connect Cells with ECM01:25

Fibronectins Connect Cells with ECM

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Fibronectin is an adhesive glycoprotein present in the extracellular matrix of embryogenic and adult tissue. These molecules primarily aid in regulating cell motility and attachment. A fibronectin molecule is composed of two identical polypeptide chains attached to each other by a pair of disulfide bonds at the C-terminal.
Both proteoglycans and collagen are attached to fibronectin proteins, which, in turn, are attached to integrin proteins. These integrin proteins interact with transmembrane...
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Fibrous Proteins00:55

Fibrous Proteins

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Fibrous proteins are either long and narrow proteins or assemble to form long and thin structures. They contain repetitive units and usually consist of either alpha helices or beta sheets and, in rare cases, a mix of both. The amino acids in the primary structure often consist of repeating amino acid sequences. The role of fibrous proteins is primarily structural. Many are located in the extracellular matrix and are present in connective tissues to impart strength and joint mobility. They are...
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Tissues01:18

Tissues

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Cells with similar structure and function are grouped into tissues. A group of tissues with a specialized function is called an organ. There are four main types of tissue in vertebrates: epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 17, 2025

Ultrasonic-augmented Primary Adult Fibroblast Isolation
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Fibroblast atlas: Shared and specific cell types across tissues.

Kaidong Liu1, Yanrui Cui1, Huiming Han1

  • 1Department of Systems Biology, College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.

Science Advances
|April 2, 2025
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Summary

This study presents a single-cell atlas of fibroblasts, classifying 18 subtypes and discovering a new TSPAN8+ chromatin remodeling fibroblast population. This fibroblast subtype is linked to poor prognosis and interacts with endothelial and T cells.

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Genomics
  • Tissue Engineering

Background:

  • Fibroblast heterogeneity is complex, involving subtypes, origins, distribution, and cell interactions.
  • A comprehensive understanding requires detailed single-cell analysis across multiple tissues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To create a high-resolution single-cell atlas of fibroblasts.
  • To classify fibroblast subtypes and identify novel populations.
  • To investigate the characteristics and functions of identified fibroblast subtypes.

Main Methods:

  • Integration of single-cell data from 249,156 fibroblasts across 73 studies and 10 tissues.
  • High-resolution classification using single-cell RNA sequencing.
  • Validation using spatial transcriptome data and multiplexed immunofluorescence assays.

Main Results:

  • A classification of 18 distinct fibroblast subtypes was established.
  • A novel TSPAN8+ chromatin remodeling fibroblast population was identified, characterized by histone modification and chromatin remodeling gene expression.
  • TSPAN8+ fibroblasts showed higher cell differentiation and resident fibroblast scores, interacted with endothelial and T cells via VEGFA/F2R, and correlated with poor prognosis.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides a comprehensive definition of fibroblast subtype characteristics across tissues.
  • A user-friendly data portal, Fibroblast Atlas, was developed for data accessibility.
  • The discovery of TSPAN8+ chromatin remodeling fibroblasts offers new insights into tissue biology and disease prognosis.