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Brain connectivity changes in response to cortical electrical stimulation in blind neuroprosthesis users
Fernando Daniel Farfán1,2,3, Leili Soo1, Fabrizio Grani1
1Institute of Bioengineering, Universidad Miguel Hernández of Elche, Avinguda de la Universitat d'Elx s/n, 03202 Elche, Alicante, Spain.
Cerebral Cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)
|April 2, 2025
Summary
The blind brain adapts to visual prosthetics by changing neural connections. This study tracked brain activity in two individuals over six months, revealing significant neuroplasticity crucial for sensory restoration success.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Biomedical Engineering
- Neuroprosthetics
Background:
- Visual neuroprostheses require brain plasticity for successful long-term integration.
- Understanding cortical connectivity changes is vital for optimizing neuroprosthetic outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate longitudinal changes in resting-state cortical connectivity in blind subjects with visual neuroprostheses.
- To assess the brain's adaptive capacity and neuroplasticity in response to sensory restoration.
Main Methods:
- Two blind subjects received intracortical microelectrode arrays in the visual cortex.
- Daily microstimulation and periodic electroencephalography (EEG) recordings were performed over six months.
- Spectral coherence analysis of 64 EEG channels quantified cortical connectivity.
Main Results:
- Significant changes in cortical connectivity patterns were observed pre- and post-implantation.
- Linear trends in connectivity were identified during the six-month implantation period.
- Subject-specific changes were noted in different frequency bands (7-13 Hz for User 1, 15-30 Hz for User 2).
Conclusions:
- The brain demonstrates significant adaptive capacity in response to visual neuroprosthetic intervention.
- Longitudinal monitoring of cortical connectivity provides insights into neuroplasticity.
- Findings can inform strategies to optimize neuroplasticity for enhanced neuroprosthetic efficacy.
