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Updated: Jul 27, 2026
Use of Chironomidae Diptera Surface-Floating Pupal Exuviae as a Rapid Bioassessment Protocol for Water Bodies
Published on: July 24, 2015
The Diptera of Panama. II. A first benchmark for the family Chironomidae
Brian J Armitage1, Trond Andersen2, Wojciech Giłka3
1Aquatic Invertebrate Research Group (AIRG); Museo de Peces de Agua Dulce e Invertebrados (MUPADI); Universidad Autónoma de Chiriquí (UNACHI); David; Panamá; Sistema Nacional de Investigación de Panamá (SNI); Panamá City; Panamá. user@example.com.
Abstract:
The Chironomidae (Insecta: Diptera) are among a number of aquatic invertebrate groups which have received scant attention in Panama. This paper brings together information from the published literature, personal comments by colleagues, and current research to produce a first benchmark of knowledge about this dipteran family. To date, we have discovered 57 named species in 31 genera distributed among five chironomid subfamilies. In addition, 22 unassociated genera/subgenera (without identified species) are listed. The majority of the taxa recorded belong to the subfamily Chironominae (40 named species in 17 genera, plus 11 unassociated genera/subgenera). Of the 79 total number of species and unassociated taxa of the genus or subgenus rank presented in this paper, 43 are new country records for Panama.
