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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 16, 2025

Visualizing Visual Adaptation
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Age-related changes in contrast sensitivity function under different illumination conditions.

Alba Herrero-Gracia1, Rosa Hernández-Andrés1, Maria José Luque1

  • 1Department of Optics and Optometry and Vision Sciences, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.

Clinical & Experimental Optometry
|April 2, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Contrast sensitivity function (CSF) declines with age, particularly under mesopic conditions and glare. Testing mesopic CSF in individuals over 50 aids early detection of age-related vision diseases.

Keywords:
Contrast sensitivitygeriatricsglarehealthy ageingillumination

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Optometry
  • Vision Science

Background:

  • Age-related baseline data are crucial for diagnosing vision abnormalities in clinical optometry.
  • Contrast Sensitivity Function (CSF) is vital for detecting age-related vision diseases, but studies often neglect elderly populations.
  • Establishing age-specific CSF data under varied illumination and glare conditions can aid early disease identification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate CSF in healthy individuals aged 50-80 years.
  • To generate normative data for the Functional Acuity Contrast Test under different illumination and glare conditions.
  • To assess the impact of age, illumination, and glare on CSF.

Main Methods:

  • CSF was assessed under photopic and mesopic conditions with low (G1) and high (G2) glare.
  • Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was measured using the ETDRS chart.
  • Participants (n=90) were grouped by age: 50-59 (P1), 60-69 (P2), and 70-80 (P3) years.

Main Results:

  • BCVA declined significantly in participants aged 50-69 years.
  • Photopic CSF was optimal with low glare (G1); high glare (G2) exacerbated age-related decline, especially at higher spatial frequencies.
  • Mesopic CSF decreased with age and glare, showing lower sensitivities except at 1.5 c/deg. CSF varied with BCVA, age, and sex.

Conclusions:

  • CSF declines with increasing age, particularly under mesopic conditions.
  • Mesopic CSF testing shows promise for the early detection of age-related eye diseases.
  • Normative data for the Functional Acuity Contrast Test were extended for older adults under varied conditions.