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Updated: May 17, 2025

Induction of Mesenchymal-Epithelial Transitions in Sarcoma Cells
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Epithelial-mesenchymal transition orchestrates tumor microenvironment: current perceptions and challenges.

Yuqi Xie1, Xuan Wang1,2, Wenquan Wang1,2

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The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) drives cancer invasion and metastasis by interacting with the tumor microenvironment (TME). Understanding this complex relationship is key to developing new cancer therapies.

Keywords:
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)PlasticityTumor microenvironment (TME)Tumor progression

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Cell Biology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a crucial developmental process hijacked by cancer cells to gain invasive and migratory properties.
  • Tumor microenvironment (TME) signals initiate EMT, and in turn, EMT-}cancer cells remodel the TME, influencing tumor progression and treatment outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the intricate mechanisms by which EMT coordinates TME dynamics.
  • To highlight the potential of targeting the EMT-TME axis for enhanced cancer therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on the interplay between EMT and TME.
  • Analysis of molecular mechanisms including secreted factors, cell contact, exosomes, enzymes, and metabolic reprogramming.
  • Examination of EMT-induced differentiation into cancer-associated fibroblasts.

Main Results:

  • EMT cells actively remodel the TME through various secreted factors, direct interactions, and metabolic alterations.
  • EMT can lead to the differentiation of cancer cells into cancer-associated fibroblasts, integrating them into the TME.
  • The bidirectional communication between EMT and TME significantly impacts tumor progression and therapeutic responses.

Conclusions:

  • Elucidating the EMT-TME relationship provides novel therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment.
  • Targeting EMT holds therapeutic promise, but complexity and context-dependency necessitate further mechanistic research and clinical validation.