Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 16, 2025

Monitoring the Cancer-Immunity Cycle and Exploring Tumor Microenvironment Dynamics
12:19

Monitoring the Cancer-Immunity Cycle and Exploring Tumor Microenvironment Dynamics

Published on: June 7, 2024

773

RNA modifications in the tumor microenvironment: insights into the cancer-immunity cycle and beyond

You-Peng Ding1, Cui-Cui Liu1, Ke-Da Yu2

  • 1Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Cancer Institute, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.

Experimental Hematology & Oncology
|April 2, 2025
PubMed

Insights

RNA modifications are crucial in cancer, impacting the tumor microenvironment and immune response. Targeting RNA modifying enzymes and exploring extracellular RNA present new therapeutic avenues in oncology.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Oncology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Chemical modifications regulate biological molecule functions, with RNA modifications gaining attention due to advanced detection.
  • Dysregulated RNA modifications (m6A, m1A, m5C, m7G, pseudouridylation, A to I editing) are implicated in cancer.
  • The tumor microenvironment's role is increasingly studied in relation to RNA modifications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review RNA modifications within the tumor microenvironment.
  • To connect RNA modifications to the Cancer-Immunity Cycle.
  • To highlight emerging research questions and therapeutic strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on RNA modifications in cancer.
  • Analysis of RNA modifications through the lens of the Cancer-Immunity Cycle.
  • Discussion of RNA modifying enzymes and novel drug modalities.

Main Results:

  • RNA modifications significantly influence interactions within the tumor microenvironment.
  • Extracellular RNA modifications and microbiome influence are key areas for future research.
  • RNA modifying enzymes (FTO, ALKBH5, METTL3, PUS7) show potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.

Conclusions:

  • RNA modifications play a critical regulatory role in the tumor microenvironment.
  • Targeting RNA modifying enzymes offers potential for combination immunotherapies.
  • Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) and modified RNA mimetics represent novel therapeutic strategies.
Keywords:
Cancer-immunity cyclePseudouridylationRNA modificationTumor microenvironmentm6A

More Related Videos

Analysis of Human T Cell Activity in an Allogeneic Co-Culture Setting of Pre-Treated Tumor Cells09:01

Analysis of Human T Cell Activity in an Allogeneic Co-Culture Setting of Pre-Treated Tumor Cells

Published on: March 7, 2025

232
Studying the Effects of Tumor-Secreted Paracrine Ligands on Macrophage Activation using Co-Culture with Permeable Membrane Supports07:44

Studying the Effects of Tumor-Secreted Paracrine Ligands on Macrophage Activation using Co-Culture with Permeable Membrane Supports

Published on: November 28, 2019

7.4K

Related Concept Videos

The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
6.5K
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
2.9K
mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression03:03

mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression

The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
3.7K
Epigenetic Regulation01:37

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
3.0K
Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
432
Mitogens and the Cell Cycle02:38

Mitogens and the Cell Cycle

Mitogens and their receptors play a crucial role in controlling the progression of the cell cycle. However, the loss of mitogenic control over cell division leads to tumor formation. Therefore, mitogens and mitogen receptors play an important role in cancer research. For instance, the epidermal growth factor (EGF) - a type of mitogen and its transmembrane receptor (EGFR), decides the fate of the cell's proliferation. When EGF binds to EGFR, a member of the ErbB family of tyrosine kinase...
6.3K