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Related Concept Videos

The Arch of Aorta01:10

The Arch of Aorta

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The coronary arteries, originating from the ascending aorta, bifurcate from two sinuses located within the ascending aorta. Positioned just above the aortic semilunar valve, these sinuses house essential aortic baroreceptors and chemoreceptors, crucial for maintaining cardiac function. The left coronary artery and the right coronary artery branch off from the left posterior and anterior aortic sinuses, respectively.
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The human body's intricate network of arteries ensures that every organ system receives the necessary oxygen and nutrients for optimal function. The arterial network in the head and neck region is particularly complex, providing vital blood flow to the brain, eyes, and other critical structures. Prominent arteries in this region include the internal carotid arteries and the vertebral arteries.
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(Un)Common Carotid Trifurcation.

Mukesh Kumar1, Amith Kumar1, Chirag Kamal Ahuja2

  • 1Department of Neurology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.

Neurology India
|April 3, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Common carotid artery (CCA) trifurcation, a rare anatomical variation, was identified in a patient presenting with stroke symptoms. This finding highlights the importance of advanced imaging for surgical planning and patient safety.

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Area of Science:

  • Anatomy
  • Vascular Surgery
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Anatomical variations in the common carotid artery (CCA) bifurcation and external carotid artery (ECA) branching are infrequent.
  • These variations typically arise from anomalies in embryonic aortic arch system development.

Observation:

  • A 70-year-old female experienced sudden dizziness and right hemiparesis.
  • Carotid duplex ultrasound (CDU) revealed an unusual trifurcation of the CCA.
  • Computed tomography angiography (CTA) confirmed the CCA trifurcation, identifying the third vessel as an aberrant superior thyroid artery (STA).

Findings:

  • The study documents a rare case of CCA trifurcation.
  • An aberrant STA was identified as the third terminal branch of the CCA.
  • CDU successfully identified this anatomical variation.

Implications:

  • Awareness of CCA terminal branching variations is crucial for preventing vascular injury during neck surgeries like radical neck dissection and cervical discectomy.
  • Knowledge of these variations aids in safe carotid artery catheterization.
  • CDU serves as a valuable screening tool for detecting such anatomical anomalies prior to invasive procedures.