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Perspectives of Adolescents and Young Adults With Inflammatory Bowel Disease on a Biopsychosocial Transition
Brooke Allemang1, Ashleigh Miatello1, Mira Browne1,2
1Child Health Evaluative Sciences, SickKids Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Insights
A biopsychosocial intervention improved confidence and self-management skills for adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) transitioning to adult care. Tailored support is crucial for successful health transitions.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Adolescent Medicine
- Health Psychology
Background:
- The transition from pediatric to adult healthcare is a critical period for adolescents and young adults with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
- Effective support is needed for disease self-management, skill development, and navigating healthcare systems during this phase.
- Evidence-based interventions are essential to optimize health and psychosocial outcomes for this population.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the perceived impact of a biopsychosocial transition intervention on the experiences of adolescents and young adults with IBD.
- To gather insights into participants' views on the intervention and their recommendations for future care.
- To inform the refinement and scaling of transition support strategies.
Main Methods:
- A qualitative descriptive study was embedded within a randomized controlled trial.
- Virtual semistructured interviews were conducted with 21 adolescents and young adults (16-18 years) with IBD.
- Data analysis involved reflexive thematic analysis, with input from a Youth Advisory Panel.
Main Results:
- Three key themes emerged: making meaning of care transitions, perceptions of the biopsychosocial intervention, and considerations for future transition care.
- The intervention positively impacted participants' confidence, knowledge, and self-management skills.
- Individualized support, tailored to patient preferences and characteristics, is vital for effective transition.
Conclusions:
- Relationships and the biopsychosocial intervention significantly influenced adolescents' and young adults' transition experiences.
- Tailoring transition support is critical for improving outcomes.
- Findings will guide the refinement of the intervention for broader implementation.
Background:
The transition from pediatric to adult health care marks a complex and pivotal process for adolescents and young adults with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This group requires support regarding disease self-management, skill development, and system navigation in preparation for transition. Evidence-based interventions are needed to promote optimal health and psychosocial outcomes for adolescents and young adults with IBD during this period.
Objective:
A qualitative study embedded within a randomized controlled trial was conducted to evaluate the perceived impact of a biopsychosocial transition intervention on the transition experiences of adolescents and young adults, their views on the intervention, and recommendations for future care.
Methods:
This patient-oriented research study used a qualitative descriptive design. Virtual semistructured interviews were held with 21 adolescents and young adults with IBD (16-18 y) enrolled in the randomized controlled trial (intervention arm n=11 and control arm n=10). Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using an inductive approach to reflexive thematic analysis. Five members of a Youth Advisory Panel with lived experience of IBD collaborated throughout data analysis, interpretation, and the presentation of findings.
Results:
We constructed three themes through our analysis: (1) making meaning of transitions in care; (2) perceptions and impact of the biopsychosocial transition intervention; and (3) considerations for future transition care, including the importance of individualized support.
Conclusions:
Our findings illustrate the importance of relationships and the impact of a biopsychosocial intervention on adolescents' and young adults' confidence, knowledge, and self-management skills during transition. The results, which indicate the criticality of tailoring transition supports according to adolescents' and young adults' preferences and characteristics, will be used to refine the biopsychosocial intervention before it can be scaled and spread.
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