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Hearing Loss in Connective Tissue Diseases: A Systematic Review
Thelma L Skare1, Jozélio Freire de Carvalho2
1Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Evangélico Mackenzie, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
European Journal of Rheumatology
|April 3, 2025
Summary
Hearing loss is common in patients with connective tissue diseases (CTD). This systematic review found sensorineural hearing loss, particularly at high frequencies, is more prevalent in CTD individuals.
Area of Science:
- Rheumatology
- Otolaryngology
- Immunology
Background:
- Systemic autoimmune disorders, known as connective tissue diseases (CTD), can affect various organs.
- Hearing loss (HL) is a recognized potential complication in patients with CTD.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review the existing literature on the association between connective tissue diseases and ear involvement.
- To synthesize findings on the prevalence and characteristics of hearing loss in CTD patients.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive systematic literature search was conducted across PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, and SCOPUS databases.
- The search covered articles published from 1966 to June 2023, adhering to PRISM guidelines.
- Seventy-nine relevant studies were selected for analysis, covering various CTDs including rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and scleroderma.
Main Results:
- The majority of reviewed studies indicated a higher incidence of hearing loss in patients with CTD compared to control groups.
- Hearing loss in CTD patients was predominantly of the sensorineural type.
- The hearing impairment was frequently observed at high frequencies, with varied associations to clinical features and autoantibody profiles.
Conclusions:
- Sensorineural hearing loss is a common finding in individuals diagnosed with connective tissue diseases.
- Awareness of this audiological complication is crucial for timely diagnosis and effective management strategies in CTD patients.
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