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LncRNAs in oncogenic microenvironment: from threat to therapy
Dipanjan Roy1, Bireswar Bhattacharya1, Rudra Chakravarti1
1Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Kolkata, Kolkata, India.
Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
|April 3, 2025
Summary
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate cellular processes and are implicated in cancer development and progression. Their dysregulation impacts cell cycles, making them potential diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets.
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Genetics
- Cancer Research
Background:
- Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are non-protein-coding RNA molecules (>200 nucleotides) involved in cellular functions.
- lncRNAs participate in cellular metabolism, responses, and pathobiological pathways, influencing autophagy, inflammation, and apoptosis.
- Dysregulation of lncRNA expression is linked to abnormal cellular life cycles and disease development, particularly cancer.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the correlation between the lncRNA transcriptome and fundamental cellular signaling pathways.
- To explore how lncRNA-mediated crosstalk shapes the oncogenic microenvironment.
- To highlight the role of lncRNAs in cancer proliferation, progression, and metastasis.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on lncRNA function in cellular processes.
- Analysis of lncRNA involvement in cancer-related pathways like cell growth and epithelial-mesenchymal transition.
- Examination of lncRNAs as diagnostic and prognostic markers in diseases.
Main Results:
- lncRNAs significantly associate with cell proliferation, regulating DNA replication, repair, and protein synthesis.
- lncRNA dysregulation promotes cancer development by affecting cell cycle and survival.
- lncRNAs are involved in cancer growth, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and metastasis.
Conclusions:
- lncRNAs are crucial regulators of cellular signaling and the oncogenic microenvironment.
- lncRNAs represent promising therapeutic targets and diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers for cancer.
- Understanding lncRNA-cancer crosstalk is vital for developing novel treatment strategies.
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