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Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Detection of Biomolecules Using EBL Fabricated Nanostructured Substrates
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Nanogap-Engineered Core-Shell-Like Nanostructures for Comprehensive SERS Analysis.

Mihai C Suster1, Aleksandra Szymańska1,2, Tomasz J Antosiewicz1

  • 1Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 5, Warsaw 02-093, Poland.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|April 3, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We developed a simple, cleanroom-free method to create large plasmonic nanostructure substrates with sub-10 nm gaps. These substrates enable highly sensitive surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy with excellent uniformity and reproducibility.

Keywords:
SERS substratescore−shell-like nanostructuresfinite-difference time-domainnanogap modenanosphere lithographyplasmonicssurface-enhanced Raman scattering

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Area of Science:

  • Plasmonics and Nanotechnology
  • Surface Science
  • Spectroscopy

Background:

  • Fabricating large-area plasmonic nanostructures with controlled sub-10 nm gaps is essential for applications.
  • Existing methods often require cleanroom facilities and lack precise spatial control.
  • The interaction of the gap with the surrounding medium is critical for sensing applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a simple, cleanroom-free protocol for fabricating macroscopic plasmonic substrates with tunable sub-10 nm gaps.
  • To demonstrate the suitability of these substrates for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy.
  • To optimize the substrate design for enhanced sensitivity, uniformity, and reproducibility.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of core-shell-like nanostructures (CSLNs) using dielectric nanospheres coated with metal multilayers on a planar film.
  • Tuning of sub-10 nm gap sizes by adjusting fabrication parameters (metal layer thickness/composition, nanosphere size/density).
  • Characterization through numerical modeling, iterative fabrication, and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) measurements.

Main Results:

  • Achieved macroscopic plasmonic substrates (>6 cm²) with tunable multiresonance optical response and light concentration in sub-10 nm gaps.
  • Demonstrated excellent structural homogeneity and wide optical tunability.
  • Optimized substrates exhibited cutting-edge spatial uniformity (1.9% RSD for SERS signal) and high sensitivity (enhancement factor ~10^6).
  • Substrates showed good temporal stability (RSD <4%), reproducibility (<15%), and activity for multiple analytes.

Conclusions:

  • The developed cleanroom-free protocol enables the fabrication of advanced plasmonic nanostructure substrates (CSLNs) for diverse applications.
  • CSLN substrates offer a promising platform for highly sensitive and reproducible SERS spectroscopy.
  • The unique geometry and tunable properties of CSLN substrates are valuable for various plasmon-driven applications.