Antimicrobial peptides: from discovery to developmental applications

Area of Science:

• Biochemistry
• Microbiology
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a critical global health threat.
• Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are being explored as novel therapeutics due to their unique properties.
• AMPs can disrupt microbial cell structures or modulate host immune responses.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review recent advancements in antimicrobial peptide (AMP) research.
• To critically discuss AMP characteristics, mechanisms of action, and practical applications.
• To analyze AMP discovery methods, advantages, disadvantages, and future trends.

Main Methods:

• Systematic literature review focusing on AMPs reported or approved in the last 5 years.
• Critical discussion of AMP discovery principles and identification pathways.
• Analysis of AMP applications with real-life examples and emerging topics.

Main Results:

• Significant progress in understanding AMPs, their mechanisms, and applications.
• Latest AMP discovery methods and practical use cases are summarized.
• Emerging areas like gut microbiota-derived AMPs and synergistic effects are highlighted.

Conclusions:

• AMPs represent a viable alternative to conventional antibiotics in combating AMR.
• This review provides valuable insights into AMP discovery and application strategies.
• Further research into AMPs, particularly from novel sources, is warranted.