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Conversational Latency in Autistic Children With Heterogeneous Spoken Language Abilities.

Lue Shen^1,2, Anfeng Xu³, Lindsay K Butler⁴

¹Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Boston University, MA.

Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research : JSLHR

|April 3, 2025

Summary

Parental conversational timing and speech rate influence autistic children's conversational latency. Parents adapt their input, showing a responsive interaction loop during conversations with autistic children.

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Area of Science:

Developmental Psychology
Linguistics
Autism Spectrum Disorder Research

Background:

Conversational latency, a key aspect of turn-taking, is understudied in autistic children.
Understanding factors influencing conversational latency is crucial for supporting social communication in autism.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate child-based and parental factors affecting conversational latency in autistic children.
To explore the relationship between parental spoken language input and child conversational latency.

Main Methods:

Collected 15-minute remote naturalistic language samples from 46 autistic children (aged 4-7) and their parents.
Measured conversational latency as response time, analyzed spoken language using Systematic Analysis for Language Transcripts, and assessed child skills via Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales.
Employed Spearman correlation and regression analyses to examine relationships between variables.

Main Results:

Older autistic children exhibited longer conversational latencies.
Longer parent conversational latency correlated with longer child conversational latency, independent of age.
Higher parental words per minute (WPM) were linked to shorter child conversational latency, controlling for age.
Child conversational latency was not significantly associated with child's spoken language, receptive language, socialization skills, or parental number of different words (NDW) and mean length of utterance in morphemes (MLUm).

Conclusions:

Findings underscore the dynamic interaction loop between autistic children and parents.
Parents appear to modulate their speech timing and quantity to facilitate smoother turn-taking with their autistic children.