Chemical constituents from Calophyllum polyanthum and their biological activity

Phytochemical investigation of Calophyllum polyanthum led to the isolation of six xanthones, six chromanone derivatives, one coumarin, one glycoside and one flavonoid, including two new xanthones named caledonixanthone M (1), caledonixanthone N (2) and thirteen known compounds (3-15). Among them, the structures of 1 and 2 were elucidated by analysis of spectroscopic data. Some known compounds showed potent α-glucosidase inhibitory and cytotoxic activity. Especially, compound 14 showed moderate inhibitory activities on α-glucosidase with IC₅₀ value of 79.41 ± 0.22 µM, and compound 5 displayed anticancer effect on A549 non-small cell lung cancer cells.