Ultrasensitive electrochemical sensor for vanillin based on CuS doped highly conductive carbon materials

Herein, a sensitive and selective electrochemical sensor modified with CuS doped highly conductive carbon materials (HCC) were successfully used to detect vanillin (VAN), which manufactured in a low temperature one step process. Experimental analysis by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) under optimised conditions revealed excellent rate characteristics due to sub-micron spherical particles on the surface of CuS nanoparticles and synergistic effects with the excellent electrical conductivity of HCC. The prepared functionalized CuS-HCC/GCE has an ultra high specific surface area (10.85 mm²) and selective VAN determination, whose detection limit and linear range of VAN sensor are 61 pM and 0.1 nM-120 μM respectively, and has a terrific recovery rate in food samples (96.7 % to 103.8 %). These results show that this work has provided a new promising food sensor for detecting VAN.