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Updated: May 16, 2025

Evaluation of the Interplay Between the Complement Protein C1q and Hyaluronic Acid in Promoting Cell Adhesion
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Complement and the hallmarks of cancer.

Mikel Rezola Artero1, Andrea Minery1, Leon Nedelcev2

  • 1Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris Cité, Team Inflammation, Complement and Cancer, Paris F-75006, France.

Seminars in Immunology
|April 3, 2025
PubMed
Summary

The innate immune complement system influences cancer hallmarks through direct actions and by modulating the tumor microenvironment. Understanding this interplay offers new therapeutic strategies targeting complement for cancer treatment.

Keywords:
Complement systemHallmarks of cancerImmune evasionImmunoeditingIntracellular complement

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Cancer hallmarks are traits acquired during malignant transformation.
  • The innate immune complement system impacts cancer development and progression.
  • Complement acts both in canonical (blood/tissues) and non-canonical (tumor microenvironment) ways.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the multifaceted roles of the complement system in cancer.
  • To analyze the interplay between complement proteins and cancer hallmarks.
  • To position the complement system as a potential therapeutic target.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of complement system functions in cancer.
  • Analysis of canonical and non-canonical complement mechanisms.
  • Examination of complement's role in tumor growth and anti-tumor immunity.

Main Results:

  • Complement influences cancer hallmarks via phagocytosis, inflammation, and cytotoxicity.
  • Non-canonical complement functions modulate tumor microenvironment and intracellular cell fate.
  • Complement's role is context-dependent, shaped by the tumor microenvironment.

Conclusions:

  • The complement system has complex, dual roles in cancer, promoting or inhibiting tumor progression.
  • Targeting complement offers a promising avenue for novel cancer therapies.
  • Further research into complement's interaction with the tumor microenvironment is warranted.