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TGF-β: elusive target in diabetic kidney disease

Priya Rani1, Sindhura Lakshmi Koulmane Laxminarayana2, Shilna Muttickal Swaminathan1

  • 1Department of Nephrology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.

Renal Failure
|April 3, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) is key in kidney fibrosis. Research explores its role in diabetic kidney disease (DKD) for potential diagnostics and therapies, avoiding broad pathway inhibition.

Area of Science:

  • Cellular Biology
  • Endocrinology
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) is a crucial cytokine involved in numerous cellular processes.
  • The TGF-β family, comprising isoforms 1, 2, and 3, significantly influences the fibrosis cascade.
  • Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a growing diabetes complication, with non-albuminuric forms offering new insights into pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the fundamental aspects of TGF-β as a cytokine.
  • To elucidate the specific role of TGF-β in the pathology of diabetic kidney disease (DKD).
  • To provide updates on research validating TGF-β as a diagnostic marker and therapeutic target in DKD.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of basic TGF-β biology.
  • Analysis of studies investigating TGF-β's involvement in diabetic nephropathy.
  • Examination of research on TGF-β's potential as a diagnostic and therapeutic agent.

Main Results:

  • TGF-β is significantly implicated in the pathology of diabetic nephropathy.
  • Presence of TGF-β in serum and urine suggests its potential as a diagnostic biomarker.
  • Regulation of TGF-β presents potential therapeutic targets, though complete blockade may have adverse effects.

Conclusions:

  • TGF-β plays a critical role in the development and progression of diabetic kidney disease.
  • TGF-β holds promise as a diagnostic tool and therapeutic target in DKD management.
  • Further research is needed to fully validate TGF-β's candidacy while considering potential risks of broad signaling inhibition.
Keywords:
Cytokinediabetic kidney diseasefibrosistransforming growth factor-beta

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