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Measuring Whole Person Health: A Scoping Review.

Graham DiGuiseppi1, Anthony Rodriguez2, Nabeel Qureshi3

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This summary is machine-generated.

This review clarifies Whole Person Health (WPH) domains and measures. Current WPH instruments assess physical, mental, social, and spiritual aspects, but lack standardization for broad application.

Keywords:
holisticmeasurementpatient-reported outcomeswhole person health

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Area of Science:

  • Health Services Research
  • Psychometrics
  • Integrative Health

Background:

  • Whole Person Health (WPH) is recognized as multidimensional, encompassing physical, mental, and spiritual aspects.
  • Lack of consensus exists regarding WPH domains and measurement, often conflating WPH outcomes with determinants.
  • Existing WPH measures require evaluation for comprehensive domain assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a scoping review of proposed Whole Person Health (WPH) domains.
  • To identify and evaluate existing WPH measurement instruments.
  • To inform future WPH measure development.

Main Methods:

  • Scoping review of peer-reviewed articles and gray literature (2014-2023).
  • Inclusion criteria: conceptual models or empirical measures of self-reported WPH in adults.
  • Databases searched: PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, ERIC, Web of Science, Google Scholar.

Main Results:

  • Eleven conceptual articles identified 4-6 of 7 WPH domains (biological/physical, behavioral/mental, social, environmental, spiritual, socioeconomic, individual/other).
  • Six WPH measures were identified, assessing biological/physical, behavioral/mental, social, and spiritual domains.
  • Measures emphasized spirituality and individual domains over environmental and socioeconomic aspects compared to conceptual models.

Conclusions:

  • Existing WPH measures are not yet suitable for broad use.
  • Commonalities in current measures suggest focusing on physical, mental, social, spiritual, and individual domains for future development.
  • Further research is needed to refine WPH conceptualization and measurement.