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Serum iron levels predict mortality risk in hypertensive patients: A prospective cohort study

Ziliang Ye1, Manyun Long1, Lang Li1

  • 1Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.

Nutrition, Metabolism, and Cardiovascular Diseases : NMCD
|April 3, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Higher serum iron levels are linked to reduced mortality risk in hypertensive patients. This association is partly explained by body mass index, serum creatinine, and lipid profiles, indicating complex interactions.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Metabolic Health
  • Clinical Biochemistry

Background:

  • Hypertension is a major risk factor for mortality.
  • The role of serum iron levels in hypertensive patients remains incompletely understood.
  • Investigating iron's impact can reveal new therapeutic targets.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the association between serum iron levels and mortality risk in individuals with hypertension.
  • To explore potential mediating factors in the relationship between serum iron and mortality.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort study involving 15,181 hypertensive patients.
  • Patients were categorized into four groups based on serum iron levels.
  • Survival analysis and mediation analysis were employed to assess mortality risks and mediating factors.

Main Results:

  • A significant inverse relationship was observed between serum iron levels and both all-cause and cardiovascular mortality.
  • Higher quartiles of serum iron were associated with substantially lower mortality risks compared to the lowest quartile.
  • Body mass index, serum creatinine, and lipid profiles partially mediated the effect of serum iron on mortality.

Conclusions:

  • Elevated serum iron levels correlate with decreased mortality risks in hypertensive patients.
  • Metabolic factors (BMI, lipids) and renal function (serum creatinine) play a mediating role.
  • These findings suggest a complex interplay influencing mortality in hypertensive individuals.
Abstract

Keywords:
AssociationCohort studyHypertensionMortalitySerum iron

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