AI and Expert Medical Evidence
1Professor, Victorian Institute of Forensic Medicine. Department of Forensic Medicine, Monash University, Victoria, Australia.
Journal of Law and Medicine
|April 4, 2025
Summary
Artificial intelligence (AI) tools are increasingly used by experts, posing challenges for legal systems evaluating evidence. Distinguishing AI-assisted expert testimony from human expertise is crucial for fair legal processes.
Area of Science:
- Legal Technology
- Forensic Science
- Medical Diagnostics
Background:
- Courts face challenges with the growing use of artificial intelligence (AI) in legal proceedings.
- Expert witnesses increasingly rely on AI tools for investigations, analysis, and evidence presentation.
- AI's analytical capabilities, including interpretation and diagnostics, present new hurdles for legal evaluation of expert testimony.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the challenges AI presents to legal systems in evaluating expert evidence.
- To examine the distinction between human expertise and AI-assisted analysis in legal testimony.
- To assess the implications of AI's increasing diagnostic accuracy in fields like medicine for legal scrutiny.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of AI applications in expert evidence.
- Analysis of legal precedents concerning technology in court.
- Case study examination of AI in medical diagnostics and legal challenges.
Main Results:
- AI tools offer significant analytical value but complicate the assessment of expert evidence.
- A key challenge is differentiating human expert opinion from AI-driven analysis.
- Historical use of IT in medicine shows limited legal challenge, but rising AI accuracy may change this.
Conclusions:
- The legal system must adapt to evaluate AI-influenced expert evidence.
- Clearer guidelines are needed to distinguish between human and AI contributions to expert testimony.
- Increased AI accuracy in diagnostics necessitates a re-evaluation of how expert evidence is admitted and challenged in court.
Keywords:
artificial intelligenceblack boxdata privacydata securitydiagnostic imagingdiagnostic support toolsexpert evidenceexpert reportslarge language models (LLM)machine learningMore Related Videos
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