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Crystal structure and polymorphic forms of auranofin revisited.

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This study provides a detailed crystallographic characterization of auranofin, revealing a unique layered crystal structure. Researchers also report the first instance of a "disappearing polymorph" in a transition metal compound, impacting drug development.

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Area of Science:

  • Medicinal Chemistry
  • Crystallography
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Auranofin, an anti-rheumatic drug, is explored for cancer and infections.
  • It inhibits thioredoxin reductase (TXNRD1) and selenoproteins.
  • Comprehensive crystallographic data for auranofin is lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To perform detailed crystallographic analysis of auranofin.
  • To compare auranofin's structure with related organogold compounds.
  • To investigate auranofin's reported polymorphic forms.

Main Methods:

  • X-ray crystallography was employed for structural analysis.
  • Hirshfeld atom refinement (HAR) was used for accurate hydrogen positioning.
  • Attempts were made to reproduce previously reported polymorphic forms.

Main Results:

  • A detailed crystal structure of auranofin was determined, showing a layered arrangement.
  • Numerous weak hydrogen bonds and dispersive interactions stabilize the crystal packing.
  • Previously reported polymorphic forms could not be reproduced, indicating a "disappearing polymorph" phenomenon.

Conclusions:

  • This is the first report of a "disappearing polymorph" in a pharmaceutically relevant transition metal coordination compound.
  • The findings have implications for medicinal chemistry and pharmacology.
  • A systematic revision of historical crystallographic data in this field is suggested.