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Blood pressure and proteinuria in older cats and cats with chronic kidney disease

Maria Natália de Freitas1, Maria Sabrina de Freitas1, Thaiza Fernanda da Silva1

  • 1Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Avenue Fernando Correa da Costa, 2367, Boa Esperança, Cuiabá, 78.060-900, Mato Grosso, Brazil.

Veterinary World
|April 4, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Systolic blood pressure and proteinuria are not directly linked in older cats or those with chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, monitoring blood pressure in aging cats and proteinuria in CKD cats is crucial for prognosis.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Nephrology
  • Geriatrics

Background:

  • Systemic hypertension and proteinuria are key prognostic indicators in feline chronic kidney disease (CKD).
  • The interrelationship between these indicators in older cats and those with CKD requires further investigation.
  • Understanding these associations is vital for improving diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in feline kidney disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between systolic blood pressure (SBP) and proteinuria in older cats and cats with CKD.
  • To evaluate the correlation of SBP and proteinuria with hematological and biochemical markers.
  • To clarify the prognostic value of SBP and proteinuria in feline kidney disease.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional observational study involving 51 cats divided into three groups: young adults, older cats, and cats with CKD.
  • Clinical evaluations, oscillometric blood pressure measurements, electrocardiography, and comprehensive hematological and biochemical analyses were performed.
  • Statistical analyses included bootstrapped t-tests and Spearman's correlation.

Main Results:

  • No significant correlation was found between SBP and proteinuria in older cats or cats with CKD.
  • SBP values tended to be higher in older cats, suggesting a potential age-related trend.
  • Kidney injury biomarkers were strongly correlated with body condition and plasma protein in CKD cats, indicating disease progression; anemia was also noted in CKD cats.

Conclusions:

  • A direct correlation between SBP and proteinuria was not established in the studied feline populations.
  • Higher SBP in older cats emphasizes the need for hypertension monitoring in aging felines.
  • Proteinuria remains a significant prognostic indicator in CKD, associated with declining body condition and biochemical markers of kidney dysfunction.
Abstract

Keywords:
blood pressureelectrocardiographyfelinekidney diseaseolder catsproteinuriasystemic hypertension

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