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Comparative Analysis of Laparoscopic and Robotic Cholecystectomy: A Multihospital Retrospective Study
Marvin A Rhodes1, Javier Otero1, Summer N Rochester1
1Department of Surgery, University of South Carolina School of Medicine Greenville, Prisma Health-Upstate, Greenville, South Carolina.
Summary
Robotic cholecystectomy shows improved outcomes compared to traditional laparoscopic surgery. This study found robotic surgery significantly reduced complications, supporting its clinical benefits for gallbladder removal.
Area of Science:
- Minimally Invasive Surgery
- Surgical Technology
- Gastrointestinal Surgery
Background:
- Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the standard for gallbladder removal.
- Robotic surgery adoption for cholecystectomy is increasing.
- Clinical outcomes comparing laparoscopic and robotic cholecystectomy require clarification.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare clinical outcomes between laparoscopic and robotic cholecystectomy.
- To evaluate complication rates and surgical details between the two approaches.
Main Methods:
- Multihospital retrospective cohort study.
- Analysis of 4,316 patients undergoing cholecystectomy (August 2021 - November 2023).
- Comparison of demographic, clinical, and postoperative outcomes using statistical analyses including multivariable logistic regression.
Main Results:
- Robotic surgery was linked to lower conversion to open surgery, bleeding requiring transfusion, and overall complications.
- Robotic cholecystectomy showed a 62% decreased risk of any complication (OR=0.38, 95% CI [0.20, 0.74]).
- Robotic approach had a 5-minute longer average surgery time.
Conclusions:
- Robotic cholecystectomy offers favorable clinical outcomes compared to laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
- Findings support the advantages of robotic assistance in gallbladder surgery.
- This study is among the largest retrospective analyses demonstrating a clinical benefit for the robotic approach.
