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Chronic Intermittent Ethanol Vapor Exposure Paired with Two-Bottle Choice to Model Alcohol Use Disorder

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Using Risk Terrain Modeling and Geographically-Explicit Ecological Momentary Assessments to Examine Alcohol Use in

Jamie M Gajos¹, Alejandro Gimenez-Santana², Jeffery T Walker³

¹University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Birmingham, AL, USA.

Journal of Crime and Justice

|April 4, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Adults experiencing homelessness (AEH) frequently use alcohol in specific urban environments. Proximity to resources like food banks and libraries, alongside clusters of liquor stores, correlates with drinking locations for AEH.

Keywords:

Alcohol use Geographically-explicit EMA (GEMA)Homelessness Risk terrain modeling Spatial influence

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Area of Science:

Public Health
Environmental Criminology
Urban Geography

Background:

Adults experiencing homelessness (AEH) exhibit higher rates of risky alcohol consumption than the general population.
The environmental contexts of alcohol use among AEH remain under-explored.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify environmental characteristics of alcohol consumption locations among AEH in Dallas, Texas.
To integrate Risk Terrain Modeling (RTM) with Geographically-Explicit Ecological Momentary Assessments (GEMAs).

Main Methods:

Participants (N=22) used smartphones to report alcohol consumption via GEMAs over four weeks.
RTM analyzed spatial associations between environmental features and reported alcohol use events.
Analyses were conducted city-wide and in downtown Dallas.

Main Results:

Proximity to food banks/shelters and public libraries was spatially linked to AEH alcohol use locations.
Clusters of liquor stores and grocery stores also showed significant spatial relationships with alcohol use events.
Both city-wide and Central Division analyses yielded consistent findings.

Conclusions:

Environmental features, including service proximity and alcohol retail density, are associated with where AEH consume alcohol.
Findings offer critical insights for targeted public health interventions and urban planning for AEH.
This study highlights the utility of integrating RTM and GEMAs for understanding substance use in vulnerable populations.