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Melatonin Rescues Renal Mitochondria From Multiple Stressors-Induced Oxidative Stress

Saeed Alshahrani1, Muhammad H Sultan2, Hina Rashid1

  • 1Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jizan, Saudi Arabia.

Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology
|April 4, 2025
PubMed

Insights

This study shows that combined exposure to bisphenol A and acetaminophen harms kidney function in rats. Melatonin treatment protected against this damage by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation.

Area of Science:

  • Toxicology
  • Renal Physiology
  • Mitochondrial Biology

Background:

  • The kidneys are vital for toxin elimination and susceptible to damage from xenobiotics.
  • Bisphenol A (BPA) and acetaminophen are common environmental and pharmaceutical agents with potential nephrotoxic effects.
  • Understanding the combined impact of these agents and potential protective strategies is crucial for public health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the toxic effects of coexposure to bisphenol A and acetaminophen on renal function and mitochondria in Wistar rats.
  • To evaluate the potential protective role of melatonin against BPA and acetaminophen-induced nephrotoxicity.
  • To assess the impact on oxidative stress and inflammatory markers.

Main Methods:

  • Wistar rats were divided into six groups and treated for four weeks.
  • Groups included control, melatonin alone, BPA alone, acetaminophen alone, BPA + acetaminophen, and BPA + acetaminophen + melatonin.
  • Renal function markers, oxidative stress markers (CAT, GPx, GR, MnSOD), and inflammatory markers (IL-6, TNFα) were measured.

Main Results:

  • Coadministration of BPA and acetaminophen significantly elevated serum creatinine, BUN, and uric acid levels.
  • Combined exposure increased oxidative stress and inflammation markers (IL-6, TNFα).
  • Melatonin treatment partially restored renal function markers and antioxidant defenses, while reducing inflammation.

Conclusions:

  • Combined exposure to bisphenol A and acetaminophen induces significant renal damage.
  • Melatonin demonstrates a protective effect against this induced nephrotoxicity.
  • Melatonin mitigates renal damage by enhancing antioxidant capacity and reducing inflammation.
Keywords:
acetaminophenbisphenol Ainflammationkidneymitochondriaoxidative stress

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