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Hot Schrödinger cat states.

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Researchers created nonclassical states from mixed states, preserving low purity. This work demonstrates generating "hot" Schrödinger cat states in a microwave cavity, even at high temperatures.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Optics
  • Quantum Information Science
  • Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics

Background:

  • Achieving highly pure quantum states is crucial for observing quantum phenomena but remains a significant experimental challenge.
  • Mixed quantum states typically exhibit classical behavior, hindering their use in quantum technologies.
  • Previous methods often require extremely low temperatures or complex cooling procedures to prepare nonclassical states.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To prepare a nonclassical quantum state originating from an initial mixed state.
  • To achieve this preparation using dynamics that intentionally preserve the initial low purity.
  • To demonstrate the generation of quantum superposition states at elevated temperatures.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized unitary interactions between a transmon qubit and a microwave cavity mode.
  • Generated a quantum superposition of displaced thermal states, effectively creating 'hot' Schrödinger cat states.
  • Measured the Wigner functions of the prepared states to characterize their nonclassicality and purity.

Main Results:

  • Successfully prepared quantum superposition states from an initial mixed state with a purity as low as 0.06.
  • The cavity mode temperature reached up to 1.8 Kelvin, significantly hotter (60x) than the physical environment.
  • Verified the nonclassical nature of these highly mixed 'hot' Schrödinger cat states via Wigner function measurements.

Conclusions:

  • Demonstrated a novel method for generating nonclassical states from mixed states without requiring ground-state cooling.
  • This technique of preparing highly mixed quantum superposition states is adaptable to other continuous-variable quantum systems.
  • Offers a promising pathway for quantum state preparation in systems where ground-state cooling is difficult, such as nanomechanical oscillators.