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Trop2-expression in primary vulvar squamous cell carcinoma.

Frederik A Stuebs1, Antje Knöll2, Arndt Hartmann3

  • 1Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Erlangen University Hospital, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-European Metropolitan Area of Nuremberg (CCC ER-EMN), Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitaetsstrasse 21-23, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.

Gynecologic Oncology
|April 4, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Trophoblast cell surface antigen 2 (Trop2) is expressed in all vulvar squamous cell carcinoma (VSCC) cases, suggesting it as a potential therapeutic target. Further clinical trials are needed to evaluate Trop2-targeted therapies for VSCC.

Keywords:
Antibody drug conjugateImmune oncologyTissue micro arrayTrop2-expressionTumor infiltrating lymphocytesVulvar cancer

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Area of Science:

  • Gynecologic Oncology
  • Cancer Biomarkers
  • Translational Research

Background:

  • Vulvar squamous cell carcinoma (VSCC) incidence is rising, with limited therapeutic options beyond surgery and radio(chemo)therapy.
  • Trophoblast cell surface antigen 2 (Trop2) is an emerging therapeutic target in various cancers.
  • Novel treatment strategies for VSCC are urgently needed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the expression of Trop2 in VSCC.
  • To investigate the correlation between Trop2 expression and clinicopathologic features in VSCC.
  • To evaluate Trop2 as a potential therapeutic target in VSCC.

Main Methods:

  • A next-generation tissue microarray (ngTMA) was constructed from 217 VSCC patient samples treated between 2000 and 2021.
  • Trop2 expression was analyzed, alongside clinicopathologic characteristics including tumor stage, lymph node status, invasion patterns, grading, and p16/p53 subtypes.
  • Patients were stratified into "low" and "high" Trop2 expression groups based on the median H-score.

Main Results:

  • Trop2 expression was ubiquitous, detected in 100% of VSCC cases.
  • High Trop2 expression was associated with the p16+/p53- subtype.
  • Trop2 expression indicated a better prognosis in VSCC, though its impact varied by p16/p53 subtype.

Conclusions:

  • The universal expression of Trop2 in VSCC positions it as a promising target for Trop2-directed antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) like sacituzumab govitecan (SG).
  • Clinical trials are warranted to determine the safety and efficacy of sacituzumab govitecan for treating VSCC.