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Published on: October 31, 2019
Macrolitter pollution in beaches and mangroves on the Brazilian Amazon coast
Dayene Santiago Mendes1, Emylle de Sáida Mesquita Paixão2, José Raimundo Salustiano Silva2
1Projeto Mangues da Amazônia, Bragança 68600-000, PA, Brazil; Laboratório de Ecologia de Manguezal (LAMA), Instituto de Estudos Costeiros (IECOS), Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Bragança 68600-000, PA, Brazil; Associação Sarambuí, Bragança 68600-000, PA, Brazil.
Abstract:
Macrolitter pollution risks coastal ecosystems, impacting biodiversity and human activities. This study compares macrolitter composition and abundance in beach and mangrove environments on the Ajuruteua Peninsula, Pará, Brazilian Amazon, an area designated as an Environmental Protection Area (APA). In field research (2021-2024), litter was classified according to material composition. Plastic was the predominant material, comprising 43.78 % of beach litter and 39.66 % of mangroves. Fishing-related litter, such as nets and ropes, represented 23.80 % on beaches and 24.42 % in mangroves, indicating its significant contribution. The density of macrolitter was significantly higher in mangroves (0.89 ± 0.11 kg/m2) compared to beaches (0.10 ± 0.02 kg/m2), demonstrating the impact of tidal retention and dense vegetation. The findings highlight the urgent need for targeted management strategies in mangroves where litter poses ecological risks. Community engagement and improved waste management practices are relevant for preserving the environmental health of Amazonian coastal ecosystems.
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