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Metal bioaccessibility in size-resolved atmospheric particles: Source and aging impacts
Kun Hua1, Rui Chen2, Bohan Zhang3
1Key Laboratory of Urban Air Particulate Pollution Prevention and Control of Ministry of Ecology and Environment, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China; CMA-NKU Cooperative Laboratory for Atmospheric Environment-Health Research, Tianjin, 300074, China.
Metal bioaccessibility in atmospheric particulate matter (PM) varies by source and particle size. Industrial sources pose the highest cancer risk, influenced by fine PM, while coal combustion contributes significantly across various sizes.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Science
- Toxicology
- Atmospheric Chemistry
Background:
- Metal bioaccessibility in atmospheric particulate matter (PM) is crucial for assessing health risks.
- The impact of emission sources and atmospheric aging on metal bioaccessibility in size-resolved PM is not well understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the influence of emission sources and aging on metal bioaccessibility in size-resolved atmospheric PM.
- To develop a method for quantifying source-specific health risks based on metal bioaccessibility.
Main Methods:
- Measurement of size-resolved metal bioaccessibility in source-emitted and atmospheric PM.
- Application of advanced methods for source-specific risk quantification.
- Utilizing explainable machine learning to identify factors influencing metal bioaccessibility.
Main Results:
- Metal bioaccessibility significantly varied with emission sources but showed less size-dependency for each source.
- Fine PM (e.g., Cu, Mn, Cr, V) exhibited higher bioaccessibility, linked to combustion sources, while coarse PM was influenced by dust.
- Atmospheric processes, such as acid processing and oxidation, enhanced Mn and Cr bioaccessibility.
Conclusions:
- Industrial sources contribute the most to cancer risk from PM10, particularly at fine sizes.
- Coal combustion is a significant risk contributor across multiple particle sizes.
- Understanding size-resolved metal bioaccessibility is key for accurate source-specific health risk assessment.
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