Synergy, antagonism, and feedback between soil properties and polychlorinated biphenyls

In this paper, the migration and transformation behavior of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in soil environmental system and their interaction with environmental factors were reviewed. The migration and transformation of PCBs are mainly regulated by soil organic matter, temperature and microorganisms. Soil organic matter immobilizes PCBs through adsorption sites and functional groups (including carbonyl and carboxyl groups), and microorganisms reduce and dechlorinate PCBs by reducing dehalogenase (anaerobic), biphenyl dioxygenase (aerobic) and other biological enzymes. However, these mechanisms are influenced by pH, temperature, water content, microbial population, and PCBs structure. In addition, there are significant differences in the response of PCBs conversion to oxygen content (aerobic and anaerobic) in soil systems. However, most current studies focus on the environmental behavior of PCBs from the perspective of single factors such as pH, soil organic matter, and microorganisms, and the comprehensive analysis under the interaction of multiple factors is limited. Therefore, the synergistic, antagonistic and feedback effects of PCBs in soil systems are analyzed comprehensively for the first time in this paper, which fills the gap of existing research. The aim is to provide a theoretical framework for the future environmental behavior effect of PCBs in soil and the contribution ability of environmental factors to PCBs pollution.