Towards a quantum synapse for quantum sensing

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L-F Pau¹

¹CBS (Copenhagen, Denmark), Erasmus University (Rotterdam, Netherlands), and Upgötva AB (Stockholm, Sweden), Rotterdam, Netherlands. lpau@nypost.dk.

Scientific Reports

|April 4, 2025

Abstract:

As a step in the architectural design of a quantum processing or sensing system with control and signaling, an attempt is made at putting in parallel functional properties of the random flows between neurons through electrical synapses, and quantum particle flows inside a quantum processing system mimicking biological processes. Based on a simplified dynamic electrical synapse model, a quantum synapse circuit design is proposed. This is extended to the case of bidirectional flows through a synapse, highlighting the possible role of quantum synapse circuits as highly parallel controlled interfaces crucial in sensing and sensor fusion systems. A short status of the quantum simulation is provided.

Keywords:

Quantum biological computing Quantum computing architecture Quantum sensors Quantum simulation Sensor fusion Signaling Synapse

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The Synapse

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Neurons communicate with one another by passing on their electrical signals to other neurons. A synapse is the location where two neurons meet to exchange signals. At the synapse, the neuron that sends the signal is called the presynaptic cell, while the neuron that receives the message is called the postsynaptic cell. Note that most neurons can be both presynaptic and postsynaptic, as they both transmit and receive information.

Electrical Synapses

Electrical Synapses

Electrical synapses found in all nervous systems play important and unique roles. In these synapses, the presynaptic and postsynaptic membranes are very close together (3.5 nm) and are actually physically connected by channel proteins forming gap junctions.
Gap junctions allow the current to pass directly from one cell to the next. In contrast, in the chemical synapse, the neurotransmitters carry the information through the synaptic cleft from one neuron to the next. They consist of two...

Chemical Synapses

Chemical Synapses

Chemical synapses are specialized sites between two neurons or between a neuron and a non-neuronal cell like a muscle, glandular or sensory cell.
Because chemical synapses depend on the release of neurotransmitter molecules from synaptic vesicles to pass on their signal, there is an approximately one millisecond delay between when the axon potential reaches the presynaptic terminal and when the neurotransmitter leads to opening of postsynaptic ion channels. Additionally, this signaling is...

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