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We enhanced photon upconversion luminescence in lanthanide-doped nanocrystals using organic molecules. This strategy boosts efficiency at high temperatures and enables novel thermochromic applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Photonics

Background:

  • Lanthanide-doped nanocrystals offer tunable photon frequency upconversion.
  • Low luminescence efficiency and thermal quenching limit their practical use.
  • Surface defects and high-energy oscillators contribute to energy dissipation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To enhance upconversion luminescence efficiency across a wide temperature range.
  • To investigate the mechanism of luminescence enhancement via surface modification.
  • To develop temperature-responsive upconversion materials for advanced applications.

Main Methods:

  • Surface coordination of small organic molecules onto NaGdF4:Yb3+/Tm3+ nanocrystals.
  • Characterization of upconversion luminescence properties at varying temperatures and humidity.
  • Mechanistic studies involving defect passivation and surface oscillator isolation.

Main Results:

  • Organic surface coordination significantly boosted upconversion luminescence.
  • The enhancement effect intensified with increasing temperature, especially in humid conditions.
  • An anomalous optical response to thermal stimuli was observed, enabling thermochromic switching.

Conclusions:

  • Surface coordination is a versatile strategy to overcome thermal quenching and improve upconversion efficiency.
  • The developed materials exhibit temperature-dependent optical properties suitable for anti-counterfeiting and logic encryption.
  • This work opens avenues for designing advanced functional nanomaterials with tailored optical responses.